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The Brittany is a breed of gun dog that is primarily bred for bird hunting. Although the dog is often referred to as a spaniel, the breed's working characteristics are more akin to a pointer or setter.
Appearance: The Brittany should be athletic, compact,
and solidly built without being heavy. It is long-legged and
elegent. Its expression should be one of intelligence, vigour,
and alertness. It should never be heavily built or cumbersome.
Its gait is elastic, long, and free.
Coat and color: Brittanys are mostly white with
orange or liver spots. Individuals can have spots in
combinations of these colors. Some individuals also have black
spots but in the United States this is contrary to breed
standard. The coat is of moderate length, dense, flat, or
wavy, with slight feathering on the ears and legs. Too much
feathering is undesirable as it impedes the dog’s work in
thick brush.
Size: They are between 39 - 51 cm (17½ - 22 in) at
the withers, with the UKC and AKC preferring smaller dogs.
They weigh 14 - 20 kg (30 - 45 lb). The dog is squareish when
viewed from the side, with shoulder height equaling body
length (from withers to base of tail). Show dogs have their
tails docked in some countries. The tails of working or
companion dogs are rarely left long.
Types: Many breeders differentiate between
"American" Brittanys and "French" style
Brittanys. Although generally recognized as sub-sets of the
same breed, there are recognizable differences between the
two. The American Brittany is taller and faster. It has been
bred to cover more ground in order to hunt wide open spaces
common in the United States. The French Brittany appears more
"spaniel-like" in that it is smaller and the French
Brittany generally works more closely to the guns.
Temperament: The breed is noted for being easy to
train, sensitive, and sweet-natured. Many enthusiasts agree
that it takes little more than a stern look or cross word to
chastise a Brittany. As a consequence, care must be taken
during training so as not to break the dog’s spirit.
Brittanys are excellent with children but they are an
exuberant breed and if not well supervised may accidentally
harm a small child.
Brittanys get along well with other dogs and enjoy working
with other dogs as a team. Many Brittany enthusiasts encourage
new Brittany owners to be a two dog family. The dogs are
active and require frequent exercise and room to run. As pets
Brittanys are first-rate companion dogs but they do need
plenty of exercise. Their outgoing nature makes them poor
candidates for protectors.
Health: Brittanies are generally healthy dogs,
though some genetic disorders are prevalent. They can be prone
to Hip dysplasia, and Epilepsy. Their ears can be prone to
infections.
History: As the name implies, Brittanys were
developed in the Brittany province of France in the 1800s.
Training, method of work: Brittanys are happiest
when hunting but make no mistake, Brittanys are excellent
companion dogs and can be wonderful family pets. See the
related sections in the gun dog article for details.
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