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In Japan, there are Inu (dogs) and there are Chin. The Japanese Chin (also known as the Japanese Spaniel) is the dog of Japanese Royalty. A lap dog and companion dog, this breed of toy dog is one with a distinctive heritage.
Appearance: Japanese Chins stand about 20 to 27 cm (8
to 11 in) in height at the withers and weigh 2 to 5 kg (4 to
11 lb). They have straight, silky, profuse long hair that is
most often black and white or red and white, or less often
black and white with tan points.
They have feathered tails that curl up over their backs.
Their faces have an "oriental" appearance, with a
short, upturned muzzle and large, wide-set eyes that have
white visible in the inner corners, creating an astonished
expression.
These dogs commonly have a white spot or blaze in the
middle of their foreheads known as Buddha's Thumbprint. This
designation can be attributed to the Buddhist Emperor Ming of
Han China, who owned many of these dogs.
Temperament: This breed is considered one of the
most cat-like of the dog breeds in attitude: it is alert,
intelligent, and often independent, and it uses its paws to
wash its face; the name Chin means cat-like. A companion dog,
it is loving and loyal to its owner, but is distrustful of new
people.
Chins prefer familiar surroundings, and are very
uncomfortable in unfamiliar areas and with new situations.
They are a quiet breed, with a much deeper bark than the
high-pitched yap commonly associated with many of the toy
breeds and are naturally clean.
Health: This breed's flattened face contributes to
some dogs suffering from breathing and heart problems, as is
common with such breeds. Luxating patellas (knees) and heart
murmurs are other genetically predisposed conditions. The
oversized eyes are easily scratched and corneal scratches or
more serious ulcerations can result. Mild scratches benefit
from topical canine antibacterial ointment specifically for
eye application; more serious injury or ulcerations require
urgent medical care. The Chin also has a risk of hypoglycemia
under the age of 6 months.
Care: The Chin's coat needs more than average
brushing or combing to maintain its appearance. They are year
round shedders. Without fiber in the diet, they may need to
have their anal glands expressed bimonthly. The oversized eye
orbits contribute to moisture about the face and the skin
folds in and around the nose and flattened facial area can
trap moisture and cause fungal problems. The face should be
occasionally wiped with a damp cloth and the folds cleaned
with a cotton swab. This breed has little or no odor.
Due to low exercise requirements, the Chin makes a perfect
condominium or apartment pet. The use of "housetraining
pads" is recommended. The Chin is a bit tough to
housetrain in the first 4 months of life, but become quick
studies. Always yearning to please, seeking affection and
loving - the Chin is a perfect pet for a single or elderly
person.
History: There is some debate as to the origins of
this breed. Some say that the ancestors of these dogs first
appeared in Japan around the year 732, as gifts from the
rulers of Korea. Others attribute the ancestors of the Chin to
breeds of Chinese origin. Portuguese sailors introduced the
breed to Europe in the 1600s by presenting some to Braganza's
Princess Catherine.
An American naval officer, Commodore Perry, helped make
this dog famous in England in 1853 when he presented a
breeding pair to Queen Victoria after returning from Japan.
This was the first canine gift given to the royal family. He
is also credited with this breed's appearance in America when
he later gave a pair to the President of the United States.
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