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The Mexican Hairless Dog is a rare, (almost) hairless breed of dog which can be quite variable in size. It's also known as Xoloitzcuintli or Xoloitzcuintle (the initial x is pronounced as an sh), Tepeizeuintli or Mexican Hairless. Owners of this dog call them "xolos" for short.
Appearance: The breed ranges in size from about 10
pounds (4 kg) to 50 pounds (20 kg), with an average body
temperature of 40 °C. Similar in appearance to a Pharaoh
Hound, with a sleek body, almond-shaped eyes, large bat-like
ears, and a long antelope neck, the Xolo is notable for its
dominant trait of hairlessness. Many members of this breed are
also missing several teeth. There is also a
"coated" Xolo with a very short coat of hair, and
individual dogs may exhibit varying degrees of head and body
coats.
History: The breed is native to Pre-Columbian
Mesoamerica, and may date back 3500 years or earlier. Some
cultures are believed to have kept them as pets, and believed
the animals to be sacred.
Xolos were considered sacred dogs by the Aztecs because
they believed the dogs were needed by their masters’ souls
to help them safely through the underworld. According to Aztec
mythology, the god Xolotl made the Xoloitzcuintle from a
sliver of the Bone of Life from which all man was made. Xolotl
gave this gift to Man with the instruction to guard it with
his life and in exchange it would guide Man through the
dangers of Mictlan, the world of Death, towards the Evening
Star in the Heavens.
Even today some people may believe this breed to have
healing, telepathic, or (gray) alien qualities. Other cultures
ate the meat of the Xoloitzcuintli for ritual or medicinal
purposes, and the meat may still be found for sale in some
parts of rural Mexico.
Xolos are not currently recognized by the American Kennel
Club (AKC), making them a rare breed in the United States and
other parts of the world. The breed is recognized by the FCI
(Federacion Canofila Mexicana) which began a registration and
breeding program for the Xolo on May 1, 1956. Prior to that
time the Xolos were considered nearly extinct. New breed stock
is still found in remote pockets of rural Mexico.
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