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The Mudhol Hound is an Indian breed of dog of the sight hound type. The breed is also known as Caravan Hound and the feathered variety is commonly referred to as a Pashmi. In the villages he is known as the Karwani. It is a common companion amongst village folk in India's Deccan Plateau, who use the dog for hunting and guarding. However it is largely unknown to the general public or dog lovers, both in India and abroad.
The Kennel Club of India (KCI) and Indian National Kennel
Club (INKC) recognize the breed under different breed names.
The KCI registers it as a Caravan Hound while the INKC goes
with the name Mudhol Hound.
Appearance: The Mudhol/Caravan of today has
well-defined characteristics. The head is long and narrow,
broad between the ears with a tapering muzzle. The jaws are
long and poweful, with a scissors bite. The nose is large, and
may be black, liver, or flesh coloured. The ears are medium
sized, very slightly rounded at the tips, and hang close to
the skull. The eyes are large and oval in shape, and may be
dark or light in colour. The expression is a piercing gaze.
The neck is long, clean, and muscular, and fits well into the
shoulders. The forelegs are long, straight and
well-boned.
The males are 68–72 cm in height at the withers and the
females are 64–68 cm tall. The back is long, broad and
well-muscled. The loins are wide and deep. The chest is strong
and deep with well sprung ribs. The abdomen is tucked in. The
hind quarters appear wide and well-muscled. The tail is strong
at the base, not too long, set low and carried in a natural
curve. The gait is high-footed, flexing all four legs, but
should not be hackneyed. There are two coat varieties—one
with an entirely smooth coat and the other with silky
featherings on the ears, legs, and tail. All colours and
combinations of colours are acceptable.
Temperament: The breed is not spoilt; it leads a
hard life that is essentially the survival of the fittest. It
does not know veterinary care and food is in short supply. The
hound is employed for hunting but it receives only very little
of what it brings back. Its usual diet is roti and milk,
supplemented with occasional table scraps. Still it is
extraordinarily strong and resistant to a variety of diseases.
The breed is above all a working hound, capable of
providing an excellent performance in the field on a
consistent basis, under gruelling conditions that would
decimate most other dogs. It is therefore elegant, graceful,
and courageous. Its physical strength couples with great speed
and plenty of stamina to allow it to catch and kill several
types of game, from hare to blackbuck, over rough country. It
is not an ideal dog for the apartment dweller, as it needs
great deal of space to exercise, although if arrangements are
made to exercise the dog regularly in a sufficiently large,
safely fenced area, it may do well in a flat or any other
dwelling.
The breed, if treated with kindness and respect, can be
exceptionally loyal. They are not very friendly, and do not
like to be touched by strangers. However, a Caravan should
never be aggressive, as this sort of temperament is not ideal
for a hunting dog, which must tolerate other dogs and human
beings, especially when they are not intruding on his
territory. It makes a reasonable watch dog, and can protect
that which he holds dear, should the need arise. He should
always be treated in a kind, consistent, fair, and respectful
manner, otherwise he may develop a nervous or vicious nature
-- either of which are difficult to live with.
History: The Mudhol/Caravan is an ancient breed,
native to the Deccan Plateau of western India. This region
covers parts of the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, and, to
a lesser degree, Andhra Pradesh. The breed is basically an
offshoot of the Saluki and was first introduced into India by
traders and mercenaries from various parts of Asia, who
traveled in caravans. When local people saw the dogs running
alongside the caravans, they began referring to them as
“karwani”, meaning “of the caravans”. The name endures
to this day in the villages, but it was anglicized to Caravan
Hound when the Kennel Club of India recognized the breed.
In Karnataka, the breed is also known as the Mudhol Hound,
after a small town in Bijapur district. A former ruler of
Mudhol, Sri Srimanth Raja Malojirao Gorphade (Maloji Rao
Ghorpade), is said to have presented a pair of hound puppies
to King George V of England. Upon inspecting these
curiosities, the monarch found them true to sighthound
conformation and dubbed them “the hounds of Mudhol”.
It is found not only in Mudhol, but is widely kept
throughout the Deccan; however, the Indian National Kennel
Club uses the Mudhol Hound name.
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