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The Norfolk Terrier is the smallest of the working Terriers. Prior to 1960, when it gained recognition as an independent breed, it was a variety of the Norwich Terrier, distinguished from the Norwich by its "drop", or folded ears.
Appearance: The Norfolk Terrier has a wire-haired coat
which, according to the various national kennel club breed
standards, can be "all shades of red, wheaten, black and
tan, or grizzle."
They are the smallest of the working Terriers. They are
active and compact, free moving, with good substance and bone.
Good substance means good spring of rib and bone that matches
the body such that the dog can be a very agile ratter, the
function for which it was bred.
Norfolks are moderately proportioned dogs. A too heavy dog
would not be agile. A too refined dog would make it a toy
breed. Norfolks generally have more reach and drive and a
stronger rear angulation, hence cover more ground than their
Norwich cousins. Norfolk have good side gait owed to their
balanced angulation front and rear, not their perceived
slightly longer length of back as is often cited.
The ideal height is 10 to 12 inches ( 25-30 cm) at the
withers and weight is about 12 pounds (5 Kg). They are the
smallest of the terriers.
Grooming: These breeds have two coats - a harsh,
wiry topcoat and a soft, warm undercoat. All that is really
necessary for grooming a companion dog is a good combing and
brushing once a week to remove the loose, dead hairs and
prevent matting. The coats should be hand stripped once in the
Fall and once in the Spring. Clipping or cutting ruins the
coat's colours and texture. You can wash this coat with a dog
shampoo any time it is desirable.
Temperament: Norfolk Terriers are described as
fearless but should not be aggressive despite being capable of
defending themselves if need be. The AKC standard describes
the Norfolk as “alert, gregarious, and loyal”. They are
dogs that work in packs and must get along with other dogs.
They love people and children and do make good companions.
They are self confident and carry themselves with presence
and importance, holding their heads and tails erect. A Norfolk
that is shy, or carries its tail between its legs is untypical
as is a dog that is hot tempered and aggressive with other
dogs; these are not the standard. Norfolk Terrier's typical
breed temperament is happy, spirited and self confident.
Health: There are incidences of health issues that
responsible breeders consider worthy to do preventative
testing. Norfolks have incidences of mitral valve disease,
luxating patellas, and incorrect bites (where the teeth do not
align with the breed standard, ie. overshot or undershot).
Exercise: A good 20 minute daily walk takes care of
the exercise requirements of the Norfolk Terrier. They are
good walking companions and reasonable joggers.
History: In the 1880s, British sportsmen developed a
working terrier of East Anglia, England. The Norwich Terrier
and later the drop-eared variety now know as the Norfolk
Terrier, were believed to have been developed by crossing
Cairn Terriers, small, short-legged Irish Terrier breeds and
the small red terriers used by the Gypsy ratters of Norfolk.
They were first called the Cantab Terrier when they became
fashionable for students to keep in their dormitory at
Cambridge University in England. Later, they were called the
Trumpington Terrier, after a street in the area where the
breed was first developed. Then, just prior to WWI, a Norwich
huntsman helped introduce the short-legged terriers to the
USA, calling them the Jones Terrier.
In 1932, the Norwich was granted acceptance into the
English Kennel Club and the first written standard was
created. The American Kennel Club registered the first Norwich
Terrier in 1936. In 1964, The Kennel Club reclassified the
drop-ear variety as it its own breed, the Norfolk Terrier, and
the prick-eared variety retained the name Norwich Terrier. The
American Kennel Club and Canadian Kennel Club both recognized
the division of the Norwich Terrier breed in 1979. After many
generations, these two breeds have developed as two distinct
breeds both in physical looks and in temperament. Of note,
there is literature that suggests that the Norfolk and Norwich
were always two distinct breeds and the original mistake was
classifying them as one.
Working style: They are tireless workers in the
field. These versatile, agreeable dogs can go to ground and
bolt a fox and tackle or dispatch other small vermin, working
alone or in a pack. Their courage is so that “honourable
scars from wear and tear” should not be counted against them
in the show ring.
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