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The Rajapalayam is an Indian breed of dog. It was the companion of the royalty and aristocracy in Southern India, particularly in the town from where it gets its name. It is also known as the Paleiyakaran or Poligar Hound.
Appearance: It is a large dog, usually measuring about
65-75 cm (25-30 inches) at the withers. It is a hound, and
therefore should be kept in optimum working condition. It
tends to be heavier boned than most sighthounds, but shares
the depth of chest and basic body structure. Its facial
structure is considerably different from that of, say a
Caravan, as it is meant primarily for hunting wild boar.
The tail has a slight curl. The most prized colour is milk
white, with a pink nose and golden eyes. However, other
colours including spotted or solid, black, and brown, are
known to occur. In the past, puppies of colour were usually
culled from the litters since the owners preferred the pure
white dogs. The coat is short and fine. An extremely handsome
and graceful dog, the Rajapalayam has a gait similar to the
trotting of a thoroughbred horse.
Temperament: The Rajapalayam was used predominantly
for hunting wild boar and as a formidable guard dog. It needs
wide open spaces and is very affectionate and devoted towards
its owner, although not always demonstrative. It does not like
to be touched or handled by strangers, and tends to be a
one-man or one-family dog.
History: While its own origins remain unknown, it is
speculated by some that the Rajapalayam may have been one of
the dogs used in the breeding of the modern Dalmatian. It is
also known that the Rajapalayam dog was used during the
Carnatic Wars to attack the British cavalry in their stables.
Future of the breed: The pure Rajapalayam is more or
less extinct, and only a few are to be found in isolated
pockets around southern Tamil Nadu. The breed may vanish all
together if something is not done soon to revive it. A dog
breeding unit was established at Saidapet, Chennai, during
1980-81. This unit, which was eventually shut down, primarily
reared native breeds like the Rajapalayam, Combai, and
Chippiparai. The puppies were sold to the public.
To create awareness and encourage dog lovers to rear native
breeds, the Animal Husbandry Department of the Government of
Tamil Nadu participated in dog shows. Localities have
established a cooperative and interested families are given
female dogs and expertise that is required for large-scale
breeding. The Indian Postal Department has brought out postage
stamps on the Rajapalayam, as well as the Mudhol Hound, Rampur
Hound, and the Himalayan Sheepdog. The Kennel Club of India
has taken up the cause of the Rajapalayam. With the club's
cooperation, the "Save the Rajapalayam Project" has
been launched.
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