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The Welsh Corgi is a dog breed that originated in Wales. They are believed to be descended from Swedish Vallhund dogs that came to Wales with the Vikings. Cor gi means "dwarf dog" in Welsh (and the OED gives the Welsh plural corgwn as an alternative to corgis).
Welsh Corgis are generally recognized as two distinct breeds: the Cardigan and the Pembroke. Beginning in 1934, the American Kennel Club recognized them as separate breeds. The Cardigan is the larger of the two, with larger rounded ears and a foxy, flowing tail. The Pembroke features rounded, pointed ears and is somewhat smaller in stature. Historically, the Pembroke was a breed with a natural bob tail (very short tail).
Due to the advent of docking, the trait was not aggressively pursued, with breeders focusing instead on other characteristics, and the tail artificially shortened if need be. Given that some countries are now banning docking, breeders are again attempting to select for dogs with the genes for natural bob tails. The coats of both breeds come in a variety of colors, although there are some differences between the breeds.
The Pembroke remains the more common variety. Outside Wales, the breed has been made popular by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, who keeps at least four at all times.. Her first corgi was called Susan. She is also believed to have a dorgi (Corgi/Daschund cross).
An average Welsh Corgi is around 10 to 12 in (250 to 300 mm)
tall at the tallest point in the shoulders and weighs
approximately 30 lb (15 kg). Originally bred for herding sheep
and cattle, Corgis are active dogs, and considered very
intelligent. They have proven themselves excellent companion
animals and are outstanding competitors in sheepdog trials and
agility trials.
Welsh Corgis are generally recognized as two distinct
breeds: the Cardigan and the Pembroke. For example, beginning
in 1934, the American Kennel Club recognized them as separate
breeds. The Cardigan is the larger of the two, with larger
rounded ears and a foxy, flowing tail.
The Pembroke features rounded, pointed ears and is somewhat
smaller in stature. The tails of Pembrokes are traditionally
docked to a flat-lying stub, making them appear tailless.The
coats of both breeds come in a variety of colors, although
there are some differences between the breeds.
The Pembroke was made popular by Queen Elizabeth II of the
United Kingdom, who keeps four at all times, and remains the
more common variety. For more details about each breed, see
the breed-specific pages:
Both the Cardigan and Pembroke Welsh Corgi are among the healthiest and longest-lived dogs in the Herding Group. The Cardigan tends to be a little hardier and has fewer documented hereditary health issues; among them are canine hip dysplasia, canine degenerative myelopathy and progressive retinal atrophy. Pembroke Welsh Corgis are susceptible to intervertebral disc disease, canine hip dysplasia, progressive retinal atrophy and epilepsy. Welsh Corgi owners should have their dogs' eyes and hips tested by a veterinarian before breeding. Cardigan Welsh Corgis have a typical life expectancy between 12 and 14 years, and Pembroke Welsh Corgis typically live between 11 and 13 years.
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